3A228 Category 3A
Switching devices, as follows (see List of Items Controlled).
Category 3: Electronics
Reasons for control
- NP: Nuclear nonproliferation
- AT: Anti-terrorism
Country chart
List-based license exceptions
Items
- (2) Also see ECCN 3A991.k.
- Items: a. Cold-cathode tubes, whether gas filled or not, operating similarly to a spark gap, having all of the following characteristics:
- a.1. Containing three or more electrodes;
- a.2. Anode peak voltage rating of 2.5 kV or more;
- a.3. Anode peak current rating of 100 A or more; and
- a.4. Anode delay time of 10 µs or less.
- b. Triggered spark-gaps having both of the following characteristics:
- b.1. An anode delay time of 15 µs or less; and
- b.2. Rated for a peak current of 500 A or more.
- c. Modules or assemblies with a fast switching function having all of the following characteristics:
- c.1. Anode peak voltage rating greater than 2 kV;
- c.2. Anode peak current rating of 500 A or more; and
- c.3. Turn-on time of 1 µs or less.
Related controls
(1) See ECCNs 3E001 (“development” and “production”) and 3E201 (“use”) for technology for items controlled under this entry.
Notes
Technical Note: 3A228.a includes gas krytron tubes and vacuum sprytron tubes.
Source: eCFR, version
2026-08-01, retrieved
2026-08-20T04:04:59+00:00.